Under that law, the target must be a foreigner "reasonably believed" to be outside the United States, and the court must approve the targeting procedures in an order good for one year. Once the Fisa court puts its approval stamp on the NSA's procedures, there is no external judicial check on which targets end up being selected by the NSA analysts for eavesdropping. Das FISC besteht auf der Grundlage von 50 U.S.C. NSA analysts may query the database only "when there is a reasonable suspicion, based on specific facts, that the particular basis for the query is associated with a foreign terrorist organization", according to "Relevant" has long been a broad standard, but the way the court is interpreting it, to mean, in effect, "everything", is new, said Mark Eckenwiler, a lawyer who until December 2012 was the Justice Department's primary authority on federal criminal surveillance law. It offers no real safeguards. Dabei werden unterschiedliche Maßstäbe an die Tätigkeit der Nachrichtendienste außerhalb des Territoriums der USA einerseits und die Überwachung US-amerikanischer Staatsbürger und auf dem Territorium der Vereinigten Staaten ansäss… That means that communications with Americans could be picked up without a court first determining that there is probable cause that the people they were talking to were terrorists, spies or "foreign powers". The United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC, also called the FISA Court) is a U.S. federal court established and authorized under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA) to oversee requests for surveillance warrants against foreign spies inside the United States by federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies. The four rejected requests were all from 2003, and all four were partially granted after being submitted for reconsideration by the government. FAA § 702(g)(2)(A)(iii)-(vii). Fewer than 200 requests had to be modified before being accepted, almost all of them in 2003 and 2004. 95–511, 92 Stat. The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act makes it illegal to intentionally engage in electronic surveillance under appearance of an official act or to disclose or use information obtained by electronic surveillance under appearance of an official act knowing that it was not authorized by statute; this is punishable with a fine of up to $10,000 or up to five years in prison, or both. Das United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC, Gericht der Vereinigten Staaten betreffend die Überwachung der Auslandsgeheimdienste) ist ein 1978 geschaffenes Bundesgericht der USA, das die Überwachungsaktionen der nationalen Auslandsgeheimdienste regeln soll. The U.S. Supreme Court has recognized an exemption to the Warrants Clause "outside the foreign intelligence context, in so-called 'special-needs' cases. Both measures were done without public debate or any specific authority from Congress.Because of the sensitive nature of its business, the court is a "secret court" – its hearings are closed to the public.
If a federal attorney "served a grand-jury subpoena for such a broad class of records in a criminal investigation, he or she would be laughed out of court".On July 19, 2013, the court renewed the permission for the NSA to collect Verizon customer records en masse.When the court was founded, it was composed of seven Chief Justice John Roberts has appointed all of the current judges. That's because no court monitors what the NSA is actually doing when it claims to comply with the court-approved procedures. The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court was established by Congress in 1978. Indeed, the statute does not require the government to identify its surveillance targets at all.
The searches take place under a surveillance program Congress authorized in 2008 under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. The Act does not require the government to demonstrate to this Court that its surveillance targets are foreign agents, engaged in criminal activity, or connected even remotely with terrorism. Sowohl das FISA als auch das FISC entstanden infolge der E… The special needs doctrine was originally established in 1989 by the Supreme Court in a The "special-needs" doctrine is an exemption to the Fourth Amendment's Warrants Clause which commands that "no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be and seized".
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foreign intelligence surveillance court